Construct UART Data Frame with Parity Bit

Code

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>

typedef struct {
    uint8_t parity_enable : 1;
    uint8_t parity_type   : 1;
    uint8_t reserved      : 6;
} UART_Control;

uint8_t create_uart_frame(uint8_t data, UART_Control *ctrl) {
    // Your logic here
    uint8_t mask = 1 << 7;
    if(ctrl->parity_enable == 0)
    {
        data &= (~mask);
        return data;
    }

    uint8_t num = data;
    uint8_t count = 0;

    while(num)
    {
        num &= (num - 1);
        count++;
    }

    if(((ctrl->parity_type == 0) && (count % 2 == 0)) || 
       ((ctrl->parity_type == 1) && (count % 2 == 1)))
    {
        data &= (~mask);
        return data;
    }

    data |= mask;
    return data;
}

int main() {
    uint8_t data;
    scanf("%hhu", &data);  // 7-bit input

    uint8_t parity_enable, parity_type;
    scanf("%hhu %hhu", &parity_enable, &parity_type);

    UART_Control ctrl;
    ctrl.parity_enable = parity_enable;
    ctrl.parity_type = parity_type;

    uint8_t frame = create_uart_frame(data, &ctrl);
    printf("frame = 0x%02X", frame);

    return 0;
}

Solving Approach