120. Copy Semantics-II

Question.4

Two functions receive a 128-byte SensorData object:

Option A -- by value:

void process(SensorData data);  // 128-byte copy per call

Option B -- by const reference:

void process(const SensorData& data);  // 4-byte reference

In a loop calling process() 1000 times, how much extra stack/heap churn does Option A cause?

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None -- the compiler optimizes away the copies
128 KB of copy operations (128 bytes x 1000 calls) -- each call copies the entire struct onto the stack
Only 4 KB -- the compiler compresses the struct
Both are equivalent for small structs

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