2. Bit Toggle

#include <stdio.h>

const int bit_mask = 32;

int toggleFifthBit(int n) {
    // Write your code here
    return n ^ bit_mask;
}

int main() {
    int n;
    scanf("%d", &n);
    printf("%d", toggleFifthBit(n));
    return 0;
}

The XOR operator allows us to only flip the bit we are interested in. With a mask that isolates the 5th bit, we can keep the other bits isolate since:

0 ^ 1 = 1
0 ^ 0 = 0

This means as long as there are zeros in the other bit positions, we can keep them unaffected. The 1 bit always result with a flip - just as we are looking for:

1 ^ 1 = 0
1 ^ 0 = 1