118. Convert Binary String to Integer Without strtol function or Libraries

In embedded systems, you may receive data as binary strings (e.g., "1101") via UART or user input, and need to convert it to an actual integer value — without using standard functions like strtol() or atoi().

Your task is to:

• Read a string of '0' and '1' characters (max length 16)
• Convert it to an unsigned integer
• You must not use any standard string conversion functions

Example-1

Input: 1010
Output: 10

Example-2

Input: 0001
Output: 1

Example-3

Input: 11111111
Output: 255

Example-4

Input: 0
Output: 0