10. Logic Gate Implementation

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 To implement logic gates on a breadboard, we use combinations of transistors, resistors, and LEDs to simulate gate behavior. Each gate (AND, OR, NAND, XOR) is wired so that the LED lights up only when the gate's logical condition is met. Inputs are controlled via jumper wires or switches, and outputs are visualized through LED states.
 

/*Paste your code here*/

const int inputA = 12;
const int inputB = 13;

const int pinAND  = 7;
const int pinOR   = 4;
const int pinNAND = 6;
const int pinNOR  = 5;

void setup() {
  pinMode(inputA, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(inputB, INPUT_PULLUP);

  pinMode(pinAND, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pinOR, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pinNAND, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pinNOR, OUTPUT);

}

void loop() {
  bool A = (digitalRead(inputA) == LOW);
  bool B = (digitalRead(inputB) == LOW);

  digitalWrite(pinAND,  (A && B)  ? HIGH : LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinOR,   (A || B)  ? HIGH : LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinNAND, (!(A && B))? HIGH : LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinNOR,  (!(A || B))? HIGH : LOW);
}

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