// 1-bit Full Adder (to be used by the 4-bit RCA)
module full_adder_1bit (
input a, b, cin,
output sum, cout
);
assign sum=a^b^cin;
assign cout=a&b | b&cin | a&cin;
endmodule
// 4-bit Ripple Carry Adder – chain 4 full adders
module rca4_chain (
input [3:0] a,
input [3:0] b,
input cin,
output [3:0] sum,
output cout
);
wire c1,c2,c3;
full_adder_1bit a1(.a(a[0]),.b(b[0]),.cin(cin),.sum(sum[0]),.cout(c1));
full_adder_1bit a2(.a(a[1]),.b(b[1]),.cin(c1),.sum(sum[1]),.cout(c2));
full_adder_1bit a3(.a(a[2]),.b(b[2]),.cin(c2),.sum(sum[2]),.cout(c3));
full_adder_1bit a4(.a(a[3]),.b(b[3]),.cin(c3),.sum(sum[3]),.cout(cout));
endmodule