8. Capacitor Selection

Question.5

Shantanu selects an electrolytic capacitor rated at 10V for use in a 12V DC circuit. After a few days of operation, the capacitor fails unexpectedly. What is the most likely reason for the failure?

The capacitance was too low for the application
The capacitor discharged too slowly
Voltage exceeded rating, causing dielectric breakdown
The capacitor self-balanced at 12V over time

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