122. Data Conversion and Encoding-ii

Question.5

A developer allocates a buffer for converting a uint32_t to a decimal string:

char str[5];
uint32_t val = 4294967295;  // Max uint32_t
my_itoa(val, str);

The maximum value of uint32_t is 4,294,967,295 (10 digits). What happens?

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Works fine — 5 bytes is enough for any integer
Buffer overflow — the value requires 10 digits + null terminator = 11 bytes, but only 5 are allocated
The function truncates the value to fit the buffer
Compilation error — the buffer size is checked at compile time

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