26. Transistor Reliability

Question.6

In a circuit where a BJT transistor is used to switch a load.
The load behaviour is incorrect, and when you measure the transistor with a multimeter, the base and emitter appear shorted, even with no control signal applied.

What is the most practical and likely cause of this failure?

The BJT was damaged by excessive base current or reverse voltage
The BJT has a very high gain (hFE)
The load resistance is too low
The transistor marking is incorrect

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